.. _development-workflow:

====================
Development workflow
====================

You already have your own forked copy of the nipy_ repository, by
following :ref:`forking`, :ref:`set-up-fork`, and you have configured
git_ by following :ref:`configure-git`.

Workflow summary
================

* Keep your ``master`` branch clean of edits that have not been merged
  to the main nipy_ development repo.  Your ``master`` then will follow
  the main nipy_ repository.
* Start a new *feature branch* for each set of edits that you do.
* If you can avoid it, try not to merge other branches into your feature
  branch while you are working.
* Ask for review!

This way of working really helps to keep work well organized, and in
keeping history as clear as possible.

See - for example - `linux git workflow`_. 

Making a new feature branch
===========================

::

   git branch my-new-feature
   git checkout my-new-feature

Generally, you will want to keep this also on your public github_ fork
of nipy_.  To do this, you `git push`_ this new branch up to your github_
repo.  Generally (if you followed the instructions in these pages, and
by default), git will have a link to your github_ repo, called
``origin``.  You push up to your own repo on github_ with::

   git push origin my-new-feature

In git >1.7 you can ensure that the link is correctly set by using the
``--set-upstream`` option::

   git push --set-upstream origin my-new-feature
   
From now on git_ will know that ``my-new-feature`` is related to the
``my-new-feature`` branch in the github_ repo.

The editing workflow
====================

Overview
--------

::

   # hack hack
   git add my_new_file
   git commit -am 'NF - some message'
   git push

In more detail
--------------

#. Make some changes
#. See which files have changed with ``git status`` (see `git status`_).
   You'll see a listing like this one::

     # On branch ny-new-feature
     # Changed but not updated:
     #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
     #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
     #
     #	modified:   README
     #
     # Untracked files:
     #   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
     #
     #	INSTALL
     no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

#. Check what the actual changes are with ``git diff`` (`git diff`_).
#. Add any new files to version control ``git add new_file_name`` (see
   `git add`_). 
#. To commit all modified files into the local copy of your repo,, do
   ``git commit -am 'A commit message'``.  Note the ``-am`` options to
   ``commit``. The ``m`` flag just signals that you're going to type a
   message on the command line.  The ``a`` flag - you can just take on
   faith - or see `why the -a flag?`_ - and the helpful use-case description in
   the `tangled working copy problem`_. The `git commit`_ manual
   page might also be useful.
#. To push the changes up to your forked repo on github_, do a ``git
   push`` (see `git push`). 

Asking for code review
======================

#. Go to your repo URL - e.g. ``http://github.com/your-user-name/nipy``.
#. Click on the *Branch list* button:

   .. image:: branch_list.png

#. Click on the *Compare* button for your feature branch - here ``my-new-feature``:

   .. image:: branch_list_compare.png

#. If asked, select the *base* and *comparison* branch names you want to
   compare.  Usually these will be ``master`` and ``my-new-feature``
   (where that is your feature branch name).
#. At this point you should get a nice summary of the changes.  Copy the
   URL for this, and post it to the `nipy mailing list`_, asking for
   review.  The URL will look something like:
   ``http://github.com/your-user-name/nipy/compare/master...my-new-feature``.
   There's an example at
   http://github.com/matthew-brett/nipy/compare/master...find-install-data
   See: http://github.com/blog/612-introducing-github-compare-view for
   more detail.

The generated comparison, is between your feature branch
``my-new-feature``, and the place in ``master`` from which you branched
``my-new-feature``.  In other words, you can keep updating ``master``
without interfering with the output from the comparison.  More detail?
Note the three dots in the URL above (``master...my-new-feature``) and
see :ref:`dot2-dot3`.

Asking for your changes to be merged with the main repo
=======================================================

When you are ready to ask for the merge of your code:

#. Go to the URL of your forked repo, say
   ``http://github.com/your-user-name/nipy.git``.
#. Click on the 'Pull request' button:

   .. image:: pull_button.png

   Enter a message; we suggest you select only ``nipy`` as the
   recipient.  The message will go to the `nipy mailing list`_.  Please
   feel free to add others from the list as you like.

Merging from trunk
==================

This updates your code from the upstream `nipy github`_  repo. 

Overview
--------

::

   # go to your master branch
   git checkout master
   # pull changes from github
   git fetch upstream
   # merge from upstream
   git merge upstream/master

In detail
---------

We suggest that you do this only for your ``master`` branch, and leave
your 'feature' branches unmerged, to keep their history as clean as
possible.  This makes code review easier::

   git checkout master

Make sure you have done :ref:`linking-to-upstream`.

Merge the upstream code into your current development by first pulling
the upstream repo to a copy on your local machine::

   git fetch upstream

then merging into your current branch::

   git merge upstream/master

Deleting a branch on github_
============================

::

   git checkout master
   # delete branch locally
   git branch -D my-unwanted-branch
   # delete branch on github
   git push origin :my-unwanted-branch

(Note the colon ``:`` before ``test-branch``.  See also:
http://github.com/guides/remove-a-remote-branch

Several people sharing a single repository
==========================================

If you want to work on some stuff with other people, where you are all
committing into the same repository, or even the same branch, then just
share it via github_.

First fork nipy into your account, as from :ref:`forking`.

Then, go to your forked repository github page, say
``http://github.com/your-user-name/nipy``

Click on the 'Admin' button, and add anyone else to the repo as a
collaborator:

   .. image:: pull_button.png

Now all those people can do::

    git clone git@githhub.com:your-user-name/nipy.git

Remember that links starting with ``git@`` use the ssh protocol and are
read-write; links starting with ``git://`` are read-only.

Your collaborators can then commit directly into that repo with the
usual::

     git commit -am 'ENH - much better code'
     git push origin master # pushes directly into your repo

Exploring your repository
=========================

To see a graphical representation of the repository branches and
commits::

   gitk --all

To see a linear list of commits for this branch::

   git log

You can also look at the `network graph visualizer`_ for your github_
repo.

.. include:: git_links.inc
